Kaindl, Raimund Friedrich, b 31 August 1866 in Chernivtsi, d 15 March 1930 in Graz, Austria. German historian, ethnographer, and archeologist; full member of the Shevchenko Scientific Society from 1914. A graduate of Chernivtsi University and a professor there (1901–14) and at Graz University (from 1915), he was an important scholar of the history of Bukovyna and the ethnography of the Hutsuls, as well as the history and ethnography of the Germans in Eastern Europe. Kaindl refuted the views of Romanian historians who questioned the autochthonous origins of Ukrainians in Bukovyna. Of his numerous works relating to Ukrainian studies the most important are Die Ruthenen in der Bukowina (1889–90, coauthor Oleksander Manastyrsky), Die Huzulen (1893), Geschichte der Bukowina (3 vols, 1896–1903), Die Ethnographie der Huzulen (1897), Das Ansiedlungswesen in der Bukowina seit der Besitzergreifung durch Österreich (1902), Geschichte der Deutschen in der Karpathenländern (3 vols, 1906–11), and Geschichte der Stadt Czernowitz (1908).

[This article originally appeared in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine, vol. 2 (1988).]